Mechanisms of Pituitary Ovarian Axis Dysfunction and the Role of Vitamin E in Chronic Iron Over Load Rat Model, ALI K
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Mechanisms of Pituitary Ovarian Axis Dysfunction and the Role of Vitamin E in Chronic Iron Over Load Rat Model, ALI K. ASALA, ABEER A. KHALEFA, NABIL A.A. SOLIMAN and SAMAR A. MAHMOUD
Abstract
Background: Iron has a critical role in mammal’s physi-ological processes. However, its deposition in tissue has been reported to induce primary or secondary physiology dysfunc-tion. Studies that evaluate the effect of chronic iron overload (CIO) on hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis functions are particularly sparse. Therefore, the present study was designed to clarify the mechanism of CIO in deteriorating the pituitary-ovarian axis and the role of vitamin E as a protective agent.
Material and Methods: Thirty adult female albino rats weighing (180-210g) were divided into three equal groups: group I (intra-peritoneal injected (ip) with saline), group II (IP treated with ferric hydroxide polymaltose as a single dose of 100mg/kg body weight every other day for six weeks), and group III (IP received the same dose of ferric hydroxide polymaltose in group II, co-administrated with oc-tochophorol "10mg/100g body weight" every other day for six weeks). Serum was analyzed for iron, ferritin, glucose, insulin, some pituitary and ovarian hormones, activity of some oxidant and antioxidant enzymes. Histo-pathological examination of pituitary gland and ovary were done.
Results: In CIO (group II) serum iron and ferritin levels were significantly increased, while vitamin E (group III) revealed non-significantly decreased in these parameters. Comparing both CIO and vitamin E treated groups with control group revealed significant decrease in levels of FSH, LH, estrogen, progesterone, prolactin, T3, T4, TSH, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities and significant increase in glucose, HOMA-IR and malonaldehyde (MDA) activity levels. However, levels of FSH, LH, estrogen, proges-terone, prolactin, T3, T4, TSH, SOD, and CAT activities were significantly increased and glucose, HOMA-IR and MDA activity levels were significantly decreased in group III in comparison to group II.
Conclusion: CIO caused iron deposition in pituitary and ovary tissues accompanied by hyperglycaemia, hypothyroid-ism, hypogonadism, insulin resistance. The antioxidant oc-tochophorol had a partial protective effect against iron over-load.