Descriptive Study of Cases of Respiratory Distress in NICU in Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital
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- Category: Vol. 79, September 2011
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Descriptive Study of Cases of Respiratory Distress in NICU in Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital,MOHAMMED HESHAM ZAAZOU, MAHMOUD M. KAMAL, RAGHDAA M. ALI, NAGI A. EL-HUSSIENY and MANAL EL-SAYED
Abstract
Respiratory distress is one of the most common causes of admission in NICU. The aim of this work was to study the commonest causes of respiratory distress in NICU in Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital, analysis of each cause, and to deter-mine the strategic plan needed to improve the outcome of these cases.
Patients and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted through the period from 1st Jan. to 31st Dec. 2009. Data were collected from all patients files admitted in the unit during this period.
Results: Total number of admissions was 233 cases, 206 cases were due to respiratory distress representing 88.4% of cases. The commonest causes of respiratory distress in our study were transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) 78 cases (37.9%), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) 64 cases (31%), meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) 21 cases (10.2%), and perinatal asphyxia 15 cases (7.3%).
Discussion: Ceserean section was the most common predisposing factor associated with the development of TTN and RDS (the most 2 common causes of respiratory distress in our study). The overall mortality rate of cases of respiratory distress in our study was 18.9%. Cases with perinatal asphyxia were associated with the highest mortality rate (40%), RDS (39%), and MAS (19%). Of the 4 most common causes, (178 cases) ventilatory support was needed in 76 cases (42.7%). 41 were put on nasal CPAP with survival rate of 85.4%, while 35 cases were put on IMV with a mortality rate of 80%.
Recommendations: 1-Proper antenatal care 2-Use of surfactant 3-Use of high-frequency ventilators.