The Effect of High Fat Diet and High Fructose Intake on Insulin Resistance and GLP-1 in Experimental Animals
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- Category: Vol. 79, September 2011
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The Effect of High Fat Diet and High Fructose Intake on Insulin Resistance and GLP-1 in Experimental Animals MAGED A. HAROUN, M.D. ; LAILA A. ELSAYED, M.D. ; LAILA A. RASHED, M.D. and MARWA A. MOHAMMED, M.B.B.Ch.
Abstract
Glucagon like peptide-1(GLP-1) is an incretin hormone which is responsible for insulin secretion in response to hyperglycemia. GLP-1 secreted from intestinal cells, inhibits glucagon secretion and suppresses food intake in both diabetic and nondiabetic humans. Both high fat diet, high fructose intake contribute to development of insulin resistance. Also the effect of insulin resistance on plasma lipid profile, plasma GLP1 levels and systolic blood pressure.
Aim of Work: To investigate the effect of high fat diet &high fructose intake on inducing insulin resistance, plasma lipid profile, systolic blood pressure and the potential effect of insulin resistance on GLP-1-as one of insulinotropicpeptide
To achieve this: Thirty male adult white albino rats (weight ranged from 150-250 gm) were randomly divided into 3 groups of 10 animals each:
Group 1: Control normal group.
Group 2: Animals received high fat diet (HFD) 42% providing 70% of calories as fat for four weeks.
Group 3: Animals received normal diet and high fructose concentration of 60% fructose for five weeks.
At the end of the experimental period, these rats were taken for measurement of blood pressure ,fasting blood samples were collected for the study of different parameters in plasma, including insulin, glucose, lipid profiles [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), HDL, LDL], also post-prandial plasma for the study of GLP-1 level and measurement of HOMA test was taken as an indicator of insulin resistance.
Results of the present study showed the development of insulin resistance with high fat diet and high fructose intake. In both insulin resistant groups, there was significant elevation of fasting plasma glucose, fasting plasma insulin, fasting plasma (cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL levels). On the contrary, there was highly significant reduction of post-prandial GLP-1 and fasting plasma HDL levels in comparison with control group. There was also rise of systolic blood pressure in insulin resistant rats.
Conclusion: That consumption of excess fat, high fructose intake in diet, play a role in increasing incidence of insulin resistance and the reduction of post-prandial plasma GLP-1 level in insulin resistant rats.