Transcultural Prevalence of Depression in Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Egypt and Yemen
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- Category: Vol. 85, June 2017
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Transcultural Prevalence of Depression in Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Egypt and Yemen, MOHAMED R. HALAWA, ABDULLAH S. BIN-NABHAN, ABEER A. ELEWA, MANAL M. ABOSHADY and GHADA EL-KHOULY
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic metabolic disorder with chronic hyperglycemia that associated with long term damage, dysfunction and failure of various organs. Depression is a common co-morbidity among diabetics that reduces quality of life and is associated with morbidity, mortality, and health care costs.
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of depression among patients with type 2 diabetes in two Arabic nation, Egypt and Yemen and to examine its relation-ship with their socio-demographic data and clinical parameters which related to diabetes and its complications.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of two groups; one hundred Egyptian and one hundred Yemeni patients with type 2 diabetes. Depressive symptoms were defined using Hospital, Anxiety and Depression Scale Questionnaire (HADS). Metabolic and anthropometric indicators were mea-sured according to standard methods.
Results: Within the Egyptian participants, 39% had de-pression compared to 34% of Yemeni participants with no significant differences between the two groups. In Egyptian diabeticsa Statistical Significant association between depression and female gender, Higher number of children, Low and very low socioeconomic levels, high mean number of cigarette smoking, lower mean number of years of education with poor glycemic control and longer duration of diabetes and the presence of complication. In Yemeni diabetics, depression was significantly associated with female gender. Birth order, Low and very low socioeconomic levels, lower mean number of years of education, poor glycemic control, Diuretic usage for medical co morbidities. Predictors of depression in type 2 diabetes specified in Egyptian as duration before diagnosis of diabetes (Odds ratio 1.291), number of cigarette per day (Odds ratio 1.23), being of low social class (Odds ratio 1.7), being a female (Odds ratio 1.5), and divorce (Odds ratio 1.2). But in Yemeni, birth order, using beta blockers, being a female (Odds ratio 1.9), and divorce (Odds ratio 1.6) were the risk factors for depression.
Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of depression among Egyptian and Yemeni type 2 diabetes patients with no statistical difference. The most common significant association of diabetes and depression are poor glycemic control, female gender and low socioeconomic status despite other different cultural impacts and behavior.