A Prospective Study of Diabetic Ketoacidosis Cases at the Intensive Care Units of Three Private Hospitals in Aden City - Yemen
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- Category: Vol. 90, September 2022
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A Prospective Study of Diabetic Ketoacidosis Cases at the Intensive Care Units of Three Private Hospitals in Aden City - Yemen, OSAM S. ABDO GABALI and GANNA M. HUSSIEN HYDRA
Abstract
Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the most serious acute complications of Diabetes mellitus (DM); it occurs commonly in people who have type 1 diabetes. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) usually occurs because of insulin deficiency. Aim of Study: To determine the prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis among diabetic patients admitted in ICU of three private hospitals. Patients and Methods: It was a descriptive cross section prospective analysis was included 100 adult diabetic patients aged 16 years and above admitted to the intensive care units of three private hospitals, located in Aden governorate-Yemen, during the period from January 2022 to May 2022, diabetic ketoacidosis cases have been selected and analysed from clinical and epidemiological view of point data includedtype of DM, demographic data (including age, sex and residency) the presenting complaints, precipitating factors and final outcome DKA episode. Results: Among 100 diabetic cases admitted in ICU, diabetic ketoacidosis constitute 40%, (60%) patients had type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and s (40%) patients had type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), The age of study participant with diabetic ketoacidosis ranged between 16 to 61 years with a means of 39.95±12.22 years, The majority of patients were younger than 40 years (57.5%), Female (70%) and Male (30%) female to male ratio (2.3:1), diabetic ketoacidosis cases who came from urban areas constitute 65% while those came from rural areas 35%, Disruption of insulin treatment was the commonest precipitating factor for diabetic ketoacidosis in this study, it constitutes 60% of cases, Infection (35%) no precipitant documented (5%), diabetic ketoacidosis presenting complaints were as following Vomiting (70%), Abdominal pain (65%), polyuria/polydipsia (50%) Impaired level of consciousness and shortness of breath both (40%), the mortality rate of DKA cases was (32.5%) while (67.5%) discharged alive. Conclusion: Diabetic ketoacidosis is a global problem, mainly disruption of insulin treatment was the commonest precipitating factor, education is vital to prevent lethal com-plications.