Effects of Chronic Exercise and/or Food Restriction on Growth Factors in Diabetic Male Rats
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- Category: Vol. 79, December 2011
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Effects of Chronic Exercise and/or Food Restriction on Growth Factors in Diabetic Male Rats,AKEF A. KHOWAILED, HANAN A. MUBARAK, LAILA A. RASHED and MOHAMMAD A. AMEEN
Abstract
Physical training has a significant effect on GH/IGF-1 axis in diabetic rats that may improve metabolic disturbances caused by diabetes on glucose homeostasis. Also, nutrition is one of the major factors regulating this axis. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of food restriction and/or aerobic exercise on the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis in diabetic rats. In this work six groups, each was formed of ten rats, were included: A sedentary fed ad libitum group, a trained fed ad libitum group, a diabetic sedentary fed ad libitum group, a diabetic trained group, a diabetic diet restricted group, and a diabetic trained-diet restricted group. For each group: Serum glucose, insulin, free fatty acids and leptin as well as hepatic glycogen stores and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) mRNA gene ex-pression in liver were estimated. Diabetes increased serum glucose, free fatty acids and leptin and decreased insulin, liver glycogen stores and IGF-1 mRNA gene expression in the liver. Physical training significantly decreased serum glucose and leptin, significantly increased serum insulin, liver IGF-1 mRNA gene expression and glycogen stores, and insignificantly increased serum GH in diabetic rats. Diet restriction significantly decreased serum glucose, insulin, free fatty acids and leptin and insignificantly increased serum GH in diabetic rats. Combining physical training with diet restric-tion significantly decreased serum glucose, insulin, free fatty acids and leptin and insignificantly increased liver IGF-1 mRNA gene expression and serum GH level in diabetic rats. In conclusion, physical training counteracts the inhibitory effects of diabetes on IGF-1 levels and in turn improves glucose homeostasis; while diet restriction caused an nearly no change in IGF-1 gene expression in liver of diabetic rats and an insignificant increase in serum GH levels. The combi-nation of physical training and diet restriction didn’t affect the levels of IGF-1 gene expression in diabetic rats nor the serum GH levels significantly, but had a significant improve-ment in glucose homeostasis.