Effects of Flaxseed Oil on Some Cardiovascular and Metabolic Changes Induced by Saturated Fat-Enriched Rat Chow Feeding and Fructose Feeding
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Effects of Flaxseed Oil on Some Cardiovascular and Metabolic Changes Induced by Saturated Fat-Enriched Rat Chow Feeding and Fructose Feeding,MOHAMMAD HANY G.E. MOSTAFA, EFFAT A. H. KHOWAILED, MOHAMMAD E. SALEH, MONA M. EL-LAFAT and RASHA A. EL-DEEB
Abstract
Objective: Flaxseed oil is used widely. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of flaxseed oil, a plant oil rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), on the changes in body weight, serum glucose and insulin levels, insulin insensitivity, systolic blood pressure and lipid profile induced by both saturated fat-enriched rat chow feeding and fructose feeding.
Material and Methods: This study was carried out using 80 male albino rats belonging to the local strain aged 8 weeks. Animals were randomly divided into the following groups: Control group (fed rat chow for 3 and 6 months), fat-enriched rat chow group (fed animal source of saturated fat-enriched rat chow at a concentration of 10% for 3 and 6 months), fructose fed group (fed rat chow and fructose dissolved in the drinking water at a concentration of 25%, for 3 and 6 months). The effect of flaxseed oil on saturated fat enriched rat chow feeding was studied by feeding rats with flaxseed oil mixed with the rat chow at 10% concentration for 3 months following 3 months of feeding with saturated fat whereas the effects of flaxseed oil on fructose fed group was studied by feeding rats with flaxseed oil mixed with the rat chow at 10% concentration for 3 months following 3 months of feeding with control rat chow while the rats were supplied with fructose dissolved in the drinking for 6 months).
Results: Both saturated fat enriched-rat chow and fructose feeding resulted in significant increases (p<05) in the mean values of body weight, fasting serum glucose and insulin levels, insulin insensitivity, and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Serum lipid profile revealed significant (p<05) increases in the mean values of serum levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and a significant (p<05) decreases in the mean values of serum levels of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) compared to the their control groups. Flaxseed oil for 3 months, following saturated fat enriched-rat chow feeding for 3 months and during the last 3 months of fructose feeding for 6 months produced significant (p<05) decreases in the mean values of body weight, fasting serum glucose and insulin levels, insulin insensitivity, and SBP. Serum lipid profile revealed significant (p<05) decreases in the mean values of serum levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, and a significant (p<05) increases in the mean values of serum levels of HDL-C compared to the groups fed saturated fat enriched-rat chow for 6 months and fructose feeding for 6 months.
Conclusion: Flaxseed oil can be used to decrease saturated fat and fructose-induced increase in SBP, resistance. Flaxseed oil decreased insulin insensitivity and improves the associated disturbances in lipid profile.