Role of Adiponectin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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- Category: Vol. 80, June 2012
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Role of Adiponectin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus,AMIRA M. EL-NUWEIHY, NAGLA T. EL-MELEGY, NABILA F. AMIN and EMAN M. RADWAN
Abstract
Background: Adiponectin is a collagen-like protein that is solely secreted by adipocytes. Different studies showed that it plays an important role in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance, diabetes and dyslipidemia and thus affects risk for cardiovascular disease and obesity.
Aim: We aimed to evaluate the role of adiponectin in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus type (2DM), to examine the relationship between adiponectin, glycemic control and lipid profile and to assess the relationship between adiponectin and obesity as well as atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in type 2DM patients.
Patients and Methods: Fifty-one diabetic patients (type 2DM) and 22 age and sex matched healthy controls were included in this study. Diabetic patients were subdivided into 2 subgroups according to body mass index (BMI) where 40 were obese and 11 were non obese and according to presence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) with obesity where 16 were obese with CVD and 24 were obese with no CVD. Controls were subdivided according to BMI where 7 were non obese and 15 were obese. For all subjects: Plasma level of adiponec-tin, fasting plasma insulin, fasting blood glucose, homeostasis model assessment for detection of insulin resistance (HOMA IR), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), lipid profile, nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxides (malondialdehyde) were measured All patients were also subjected to full clinical examination and an electrocardiogram (ECG) study.
Results: Adiponectin level was significantly lower in all groups compared to controls. It was also lower in obese diabetic patients with CVD than those without CVD. NO and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were higher in diabetic patients than in controls and the highest levels of MDA were observed in patients with cardiovascular disease while signifcantly lower level of NO were observed in patients with CVD than those without. Lipid profile was altered in diabetic patients showing higher levels than in controls. In diabetic patients, adiponectin was significantly positively correlated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), while it was signif-icantly negatively correlated with glucose, HbA1C, Choles-terol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), NO and HOMA IR.
Conclusion: Adiponectin may have an effect on increasing insulin sensitivity and an anti-atherogenic properties and this may made adipocytokine a promising therapeutic tool for the future.