Histological and Ultrastructural Study of the Chlorpyrifos-Induced Pulmonary Changes in Male Adult Albino Rat
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- Category: Vol. 84, September 2016
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Histological and Ultrastructural Study of the Chlorpyrifos-Induced Pulmonary Changes in Male Adult Albino Rat, IBRAHIM L. ABDALLA, EHAB A. EL-SHAARAWY, GAMAL H. MOHAMED and MOHAMED M. ABD EL-MOATY
Abstract
Background: Organophosphorus compounds are insecticides used in a wide scale for protection of crops and stored food products as well as maintaining and improving the public health through the control of vector borne diseases. In 1974, the use of these insecticides caused the death of thousands of living domestic animals.
Aim of the Work: To detect the histological and ultrastructural changes of chlorpyrifos toxicity in the lungs of adult male albino rat.
Material and Methods: The present work was carried out on thirty adult male albino rats divided into three main groups; Group I [the normal control], Group II: Received 1/4LD50 of chlorpyrifos for one week, Group III: Received 1/4LD50 of chlorpyrifos for three weeks.
Results: The histological study of the lungs of Group II showed extensive damage with loss of normal alveolar pattern, diffuse cellular infiltration,ruptured interalveolar septa with the formation of large irregular emphysematous air spaces and interstitial hemorrhage. Electron microscopic study demonstrated pneumocytes with obvious degeneration. Their nuclei were shrunken and pyknotic, the cytoplasm was rarified with scarce degenerated organelles, the lamellar bodies were empty and there was shortening of the surface microvilli. In comparison with Group II, the histological and ultrathin sections of rats of Group III exhibited excessive collagen deposition and chronic inflammatory cell infiltrations.
Conclusion: This study showed that chlorpyrifos had deleterious histopathological effects on the lungs of albino rats.